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1. 01 Explain the differences between CommonJS (`require`/`module.exports`) and ES Modules (`import`/`export`). Medium
2. 02 What is the difference between named exports and default exports? What are the trade-offs of each? Easy
3. 03 Explain dynamic `import()` and a real use case for code-splitting a route-based bundle. Medium
4. 04 Why are ES module imports hoisted and statically analyzable, unlike CommonJS `require` calls? Hard
5. 05 Explain circular dependency issues between modules and how each module system handles them differently. Hard
6. 06 What is tree-shaking, and why does it require ES Modules' static structure to work effectively? Medium
7. 07 What is a polyfill, and how does it differ from a transpiler like Babel? Easy
8. 08 Implement a polyfill for `Array.prototype.flat` supporting arbitrary depth. Medium
9. 09 Implement a polyfill for `Promise.all`. Hard
10. 10 Implement a polyfill for `Object.assign`. Medium
11. 11 Implement a polyfill for `Function.prototype.bind`. Hard
12. 12 Implement a polyfill for `Array.prototype.includes`, correctly handling `NaN`. Medium
13. 13 How do feature detection and polyfill loading (e.g., polyfill.io style conditional loading) work together for performance? Medium