Browser bank Rendering Pipeline Browser / 7 questions Your progress 0 / 7 done Saved in this browser. Reset All 7 Medium 4 Hard 3 Hide done No questions match those filters. 1 Walk through what the browser does from receiving HTML to painting pixels. Medium 2 What's the difference between the DOM and the CSSOM, and how do they form the render tree? Medium 3 What are layout (reflow), paint, and composite, and which is most expensive? Medium 4 What triggers a reflow, and how do you batch DOM reads and writes to avoid layout thrashing? Hard 5 Why are `transform` and `opacity` animations composited on the GPU, and what makes a new layer? Hard 6 What does 'render-blocking' mean for CSS and JS, and how do `async`/`defer` change it? Medium 7 What is the critical rendering path and how do you optimize the first paint? Hard Next → The Event Loop